In the Italian language, there are four main verb moods: indicative, subjunctive, conditional, and imperative. Each of these moods is used to express different intentions, actions, or states.
The indicative talks about facts, the subjunctive about doubts and desires, the conditional about hypothetical situations, and the imperative for commands and requests.
Knowing how to conjugate verbs correctly in these moods allows you to easily express various thoughts and emotions in everyday conversation.
Si era astenuto dal voto. (Giuseppe Parini, Il Giorno)
verbo irregolare
astenersi : to abstain, to refrain
a|ste|nér|si
: (accento acuto)
indicativo astenersi. Indicative mood of the verb astenersi
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Tempo semplice
Presente astenersi |
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| io | mi astengo |
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| tu | ti astieni |
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| lui/lei/Lei | si astiene |
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| noi | ci asteniamo |
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| voi | vi astenete |
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| loro | si astengono |
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Tempo semplice
Imperfetto astenersi |
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| io | mi astenevo |
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| tu | ti astenevi |
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| lui/lei/Lei | si asteneva |
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| noi | ci astenevamo |
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| voi | vi astenevate |
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| loro | si astenevano |
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Tempo semplice
Futuro semplice astenersi |
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| io | mi asterrò |
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| tu | ti asterrai |
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| lui/lei/Lei | si asterrà |
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| noi | ci asterremo |
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| voi | vi asterrete |
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| loro | si asterranno |
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Tempo semplice
Passato remoto astenersi |
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| io | mi astenni, mi astenetti |
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| tu | ti astenesti |
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| lui/lei/Lei | si astenne |
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| noi | ci astenemmo |
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| voi | vi asteneste |
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| loro | si astennero |
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Tempo composto
Futuro anteriore astenersi |
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| io | mi sarò astenuto(a) |
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| tu | ti sarai astenuto(a) |
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| lui/lei/Lei | si sarà astenuto(a) |
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| noi | ci saremo astenuti(e) |
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| voi | vi sarete astenuti(e) |
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| loro | si saranno astenuti(e) |
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Tempo composto
Passato prossimo astenersi |
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| io | mi sono astenuto(a) |
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| tu | ti sei astenuto(a) |
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| lui/lei/Lei | si è astenuto(a) |
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| noi | ci siamo astenuti(e) |
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| voi | vi siete astenuti(e) |
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| loro | si sono astenuti(e) |
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Tempo composto
Trapassato prossimo astenersi |
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| io | mi ero astenuto(a) |
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| tu | ti eri astenuto(a) |
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| lui/lei/Lei | si era astenuto(a) |
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| noi | ci eravamo astenuti(e) |
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| voi | vi eravate astenuti(e) |
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| loro | si erano astenuti(e) |
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Tempo composto
Trapassato remoto astenersi |
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| io | mi fui astenuto(a) |
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| tu | ti fosti astenuto(a) |
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| lui/lei/Lei | si fu astenuto(a) |
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| noi | ci fummo astenuti(e) |
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| voi | vi foste astenuti(e) |
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| loro | si furono astenuti(e) |
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General information about the indicative mood (Indicativo) of Italian verbs
The indicative mood (Indicativo) is one of the fundamental verb moods in the Italian language, used to express actions, states, or events considered real or certain. It is employed to describe facts, daily routines, and objective situations.
For instance, sentences like "Io vado al mercato" or "Loro studiano per l'esame" illustrate the use of the indicative to convey concrete information.
This mood can be conjugated in various tenses, such as present, past, and future, allowing for precise placement of actions in time. Understanding the indicative is essential for effective communication and for grasping the nuances of the Italian language.
congiuntivo astenersi. Subjunctive mood of the verb astenersi
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Tempo semplice
Congiuntivo presente astenersi |
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| io | mi astenga |
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| tu | ti astenga |
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| lui/lei/Lei | si astenga |
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| noi | ci asteniamo |
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| voi | vi asteniate |
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| loro | si astengano |
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Tempo semplice
Congiuntivo imperfetto astenersi |
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| io | mi astenessi |
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| tu | ti astenessi |
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| lui/lei/Lei | si astenesse |
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| noi | ci astenessimo |
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| voi | vi asteneste |
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| loro | si astenessero |
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Tempo composto
Congiuntivo passato astenersi |
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| io | mi sia astenuto(a) |
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| tu | ti sia astenuto(a) |
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| lui/lei/Lei | si sia astenuto(a) |
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| noi | ci siamo astenuti(e) |
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| voi | vi siate astenuti(e) |
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| loro | si siano astenuti(e) |
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Tempo composto
Congiuntivo trapassato astenersi |
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| io | mi fossi astenuto(a) |
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| tu | ti fossi astenuto(a) |
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| lui/lei/Lei | si fosse astenuto(a) |
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| noi | ci fossimo astenuti(e) |
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| voi | vi foste astenuti(e) |
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| loro | si fossero astenuti(e) |
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General information about the subjunctive mood (Congiuntivo) of Italian verbs
The subjunctive mood (Congiuntivo) is a fundamental verb mood in the Italian language, used to express uncertainty, wishes, emotions, and hypothetical situations. It is employed when discussing actions that are not certain or real, such as in cases of doubt or possibility.
For instance, sentences like "Spero che tu venga" or "Se avessi tempo, partirei" illustrate the use of the subjunctive to reflect states of mind or events that depend on conditions.
This mood can appear in various tenses, such as present and past, and is essential for nuanced communication and expressing complex thoughts in the Italian language.
condizionale astenersi. Conditional mood of the verb astenersi
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Tempo semplice
Condizionale presente astenersi |
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| io | mi asterrei |
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| tu | ti asterresti |
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| lui/lei/Lei | si asterrebbe |
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| noi | ci asterremmo |
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| voi | vi asterreste |
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| loro | si asterrebbero |
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Tempo composto
Condizionale passato astenersi |
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| io | mi sarei astenuto(a) |
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| tu | ti saresti astenuto(a) |
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| lui/lei/Lei | si sarebbe astenuto(a) |
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| noi | ci saremmo astenuti(e) |
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| voi | vi sareste astenuti(e) |
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| loro | si sarebbero astenuti(e) |
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General information about the conditional mood (Condizionale) of Italian verbs
The conditional mood (Condizionale) is a fundamental verb mood in the Italian language, used to express actions or states that depend on specific conditions. It is often employed to formulate wishes, requests, or hypothetical situations that are not certain.
For instance, sentences like "Vorrei un caffè" or "Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei di più" illustrate how the conditional is used to express situations dependent on certain circumstances.
This mood can be conjugated in tenses like present and past, and is essential for clear communication and expressing complex thoughts in the Italian language.
imperativo astenersi. Imperative mood of the verb astenersi
Imperativo astenersi |
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| tu | astieniti |
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| noi | asteniamoci |
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| voi | astenetevi |
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Congiuntivo astenersi |
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| Lei | si astenga |
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| Che lui/lei | si astenga |
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| Che loro | si astengano |
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General information about the imperative mood (Imperativo) of Italian verbs
The imperative mood (Imperativo) is an essential verb mood in the Italian language, used to give commands, instructions, or advice. It is formed for the second person singular, second person plural, and first person plural.
For example, sentences like "Fai attenzione!" or "Parlate lentamente!" demonstrate how the imperative can be used to communicate directly and clearly. The phrase "Andiamo!" for expressing an invitation to do something together is also an example of the imperative.
However, it's important to note that the imperative does not have forms for the third person singular and plural. In these cases, the subjunctive mood is used to express desires or recommendations in a gentler manner. This characteristic makes Italian unique, as the subjunctive adds a touch of politeness and delicacy to conversations.
Knowing the imperative and its appropriate use is crucial for effective communication and maintaining a friendly tone in everyday interactions.
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